E-TEXTILES

PROJECT OF THE WEEK

VOCABULARY

• VOLTAGE, also called electromotive force, is a quantitative expression of the potential difference in charge between two points in an electrical field. If we make the comparison with a car, the voltage would be the km/h at which it circulates. Its unit of measure is VOLTS (V). We name it with an V

• ELECTRIC CURRENT, the VOLUME of flow of electric charge past a point or region. This charge is carried by electrons moving through a wire. Its unit of measure is AMPS (AM) We name it with an I. Can be

  • ALTERNATING CURRENT (AC), flows with power ups and downs
  • DIRECT CURRENT (DC), flows constantly

• RESISTANCE, How the device or material reduces the electric current flow through it. Is measured in units of ohms (Ω) and we name it with an R

• OHM'S LAW, electric current is proportional to voltage and inversely proportional to resistance

• POLARITY, the direction of current flow in an electrical circuit. Current flows from the positive pole (terminal) to the negative pole. Direct current flows in one direction, resulting in a constant polarity. Though alternative current itself has no polarity.

• CYCLE, The change in an alternating electrical sine wave from zero to a positive peak to zero to a negative peak and back to zero.

• FRECUENCY, the time it takes for the current to cycle

• ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT, is a path in which electrons from a voltage or current source flow. It is made up

  • GENERATOR, is a device that converts motive power (mechanical energy) into electrical power
  • CONDUCTORS, is a substance in which electrical charge carriers, usually electrons, move easily from atom to atom with the application of voltage. We can use fabrics and threads as a conductors. To have more information to work with fabrics, click here and for thread tips here or here

  • COMPONENTS, is any basic device in an electronic system used to affect electrons or their associated fields. All components had a datasheet we can find online and give us all the information about it. There are two kind of them,

    • RECIVERS, are those elements capable of taking advantage of the passage of the electric current to produce some effect. They transform electrical energy into another type of useful energy. Among them we find motors, resistors, lamps
      • DIODE, specialized electronic reciver component with a single direction. Can be used as rectifiers, signal limiters, voltage regulators, switches, signal modulators, signal mixers, signal demodulators, and oscillators.
    • COMMANDS, they are those that connect and direct the current in the circuit. Can be switches, push buttons...
      • SWITCH, is a command component that can "make" or "break" an electrical circuit, interrupting the current or diverting it from one conductor to another. Can be,
        • Toggle switch, it squeezes once and holds the position
        • Momentary switch, we must keep it tight so that it keeps closing the circuit

  • We can place the components on a circuit in two different ways and it changes our calculations

    • PARALEL,the current divides into two or more paths before recombining to complete the circuit. Each load connected in a separate path receives the full circuit voltage, and the total circuit current is equal to the sum of the individual branch currents.
    • LINE, wires that deliver power from the source to a device. those that carry power onward to other devices further along the circuit.
      
  • ICONS
    

• SIGNGAL, carry the data from one apparatus to another

  • DIGITAL, carries the data in the form of binary that means not a continuous way.
  • ANALOG, are continuous wave signals that change with time period whereas digital is a discrete signal is a nature. Use a range not a binari language.

TO KNOW MORE

The Greatest Collin
Make it cute
Liza presentation

MAKING PROCESS

PLAY WITH ARDUINO

Frist of all, download arduino

Exercise 1

Exercise 2

FAILED IDEA BUT FUNNY GAME

I was looking at the floor of the school terrace thinking about what my project could be, when I saw the broken pavement. I had the idea of ​​cutting pieces of conductive fabric and sewing them on silk. Frowning the silk, the conductive fabric would be contacted as a switch. I did some tests on how different materials reacted. Most conductive fabrics need pressure on the contact to transmit electricity so I did not see my project viable.

ANALOG CIRCUIT

I designed the pattern and distributed the LEDs on it. Then I drew several possible connections between them and calculated with ohms law their viability.

My first idea was to use special buttons to line but I discovered that they were conductors. Since I didnt have time to buy plastic ones, I built ones that were inspired by the vintage buttons of the twenties

The resistance I had to put was very small. I calculated the resistance of the thread to know if it would be enough with its own resistance. The thread used, Karl-grim is very conductive, so I finally decided to put a 10 ohm resistor on each line. Although the resistance should be 4, being numbers so low that of 10 will be useful anyway.

Fortunately, before connecting the circuit, I realized that it was badly done and that I was going to cut the circuit. Then I uncovered all the stitching that connected above positive and negative. This is how it looks now.

Thats how it looks the circuit at the end.

DIGITAL CIRCUIT

The design was to be embroidered on a silk fabric that I had dyed with red beans. The fabric is so delicate that it does not have enough consistence to hold the embroidery. It is for this reason that we apply a water-soluble interlining. This allows us to give body to the embroidery and eliminate it later.

To finish this circuit I need to embroider it on the Eurecat machines.

As I didn't get the Eurecat embroidery, I made an easier embroidery that would serve me to test an analog sensor in the circuit.
I looked through the documentation from las year, to find an exercises that seemed interesting and I chose the one I liked the most.
The Ana Correa project was the winer! I'm gonna explain my steps but if you want to know more about her test and investigation (witch is really interesting) Check her documentation

Step by step

Circuit

• Take a piece of Eontex. I I took a piece 1 cm wide and 15cm long and mesure the resistance.

-Do the calculations
-Design the circuit and try it on the breadboard I used:
* 5mm RGB Led
* Karl Grimm threat
* Cable
* Metalic piece
* 18Ω and 150Ω = 168v resistance for the RED
* 56ΩX2 = 112Ω resistance for the GREEN
* 56ΩX2 = 112Ω resistance for the BLUE
* 68Ω resistance for the potentiometer
* Jumpers * Cocodriles
* Arduino Uno

-Once the circuit is working on the breadboard, sew it! I used:
* Embroidery frame
* Tulle * Stockinet * Sewing needle * scissors

Code

I used Victor's leassons to understand how Ana's code works. Most of them resumed on the top of this page, the others on week 10 documentation
The highlights of these classes for this exercise are: - Analog Write
- Potentiometer
- Serial Monitor on arduino
I have visualized the values that the sensor took using Serial Monitor. Don't despair if you don't see anything on the screen at the beginning. try to change the baud you are reading.

That's the code with the Pins I used

int sensorValue = 0; int value = 0;

int redPin = 2; int greenPin = 7; int bluePin = 8;

int redVal = 255; int greenVal = 255; int blueVal = 255;

// the setup routine runs once when you press reset: void setup() { // initialize serial communication at 9600 bits per second: pinMode(A0, INPUT); pinMode(redPin, OUTPUT); pinMode(greenPin, OUTPUT); pinMode(bluePin, OUTPUT); Serial.begin(9600); }

// the loop routine runs over and over again forever: void loop() { // read the input on analog pin 0: int sensorValue = analogRead(A0); // print out the value you read:

sensorValue = constrain(sensorValue, 0, 850);

// Go from white to Cyan if (sensorValue >= 0 && sensorValue <= 300); { int CyanColor = map (sensorValue, 0,300,0,255); redVal = 255 - CyanColor; greenVal = 255; blueVal = 255; // CyanColor rgb ( 0, 255, 255) 0 to 300 }

// Go from Cyan to Green if(sensorValue > 300 && sensorValue <= 450){ int GreenColor = map(sensorValue, 300,450,0,255); redVal = 0; greenVal = 255; blueVal = 255 - GreenColor; // GreenColor rgb(0,255,0) 300 - 450 }

// Go from Green to Yellow if(sensorValue > 450 && sensorValue <= 600){ int YellowR = map(sensorValue, 450,600,0,255); redVal = YellowR; greenVal = 255; blueVal = 0; // yellow rgb(255,255,0) 450 to 600 }

// Go from Yellow to Magenta if(sensorValue > 600 && sensorValue <= 750){ int MagentaR = map(sensorValue, 600,750,0,255); redVal = 255; greenVal = 255 - MagentaR; blueVal = MagentaR; // Magneta rgb(255,0,255) 600 to 750 }

// Go from Magenta to Red if(sensorValue > 750 && sensorValue <= 850){ int RedR = map(sensorValue, 750,850,0,255); redVal = 255; greenVal = 0; blueVal = 255 - RedR; // Red rgb(255,0,0) 750 to 850 }

analogWrite(redPin, redVal); analogWrite(greenPin, greenVal); analogWrite(bluePin, blueVal);

Serial.print("sensorValue = ");Serial.print(sensorValue);Serial.print(" | "); Serial.print("RedVal = ");Serial.print(redVal);Serial.print(" | "); Serial.print("GreenVal = ");Serial.print(greenVal);Serial.print(" | "); Serial.print("BlueVal = ");Serial.println(blueVal);

delay(10); // delay in between reads for stability

}

SUPPLIER LINKS

Adafruit
Sparkfun
Mouser

MORE USEFUL LINKS

Make and them videos
resistance components iconography Kobakant
Instructables circuits More Lizas Knowledge
Paola Guimerans

VISUAL INSPIRATION

Maison Margiela | Hendra Kusuma - HK studio

Georgia O keefe

EMBRODERY AT EURECAT

Technical embroidery machine,

Conventional embroidery, ornamentation made with needle thread on a fabric or skin. We can use conductive wire to power electrical systems. The conventional embroidery machine does not allow you to sew many of the materials but gives us the possibility of sewing with several threads.

Technical embroidery, non-textile elements can be incorporated repetitively to embroidery, connections and wiring, we can embroider traditional electronic circuits, sensors, antennas, LEDs, optical fiber or electroluminescent fiber. It also allows embroidering reinforcement fibers for composites and heating materials. The technical embroidery machine although we can adapt it to sew great variability of materials, only one thread.

Principal threads we can use

INSPIRING MATERFAD VISIT