11. Open Source Hardware - From Fibers to Fabric¶
Research Skills and Concept Development¶
During this phase, I refined my ability to gather, synthesize, and critically analyze information from diverse sources. By delving into academic papers, design case studies, and practical examples, I built a solid understanding of both the theoretical and practical aspects of open-source hardware in textiles. This process was not merely about collecting data but about connecting ideas to develop meaningful and innovative concepts.
The insights gained through this iterative research process allowed me to bridge abstract ideas with actionable plans. I explored creative possibilities grounded in evidence-based methodologies, which helped establish a comprehensive framework for future projects.
Open-Source Hardware in Textile Fabrication¶
The integration of open-source hardware into textile fabrication has led to the development of machines that are both adaptable and accessible. For instance, the HILO Spinning Machine utilizes open-source software to facilitate local yarn manufacturing. Users can select raw materials, design digital yarn properties, and produce customized yarns on-site, empowering small businesses and educational institutions to explore new possibilities in yarn production.
HILO¶
- the HILO Spinning Machine - Open technologies
Similarly, the AxiDraw pen plotter, an open-source machine, has been employed in the textile industry to draw intricate designs directly onto fabric. This device offers precision and versatility, accommodating various drawing tools and materials, including fabric. Such machines exemplify how open-source hardware can be harnessed to innovate within textile fabrication.
AXIDRAW¶
- AxiDraw Models - EVIL MAD SCIENTIST Laboratories
References & Inspiration This fabric pen plotter represents the perfect fusion of technical precision and artistic expression, allowing me to translate creative concepts directly onto textiles. It acts as a digital extension of my hand—accelerating the design process while preserving a handmade essence. Beyond just constructing a tool, this project challenges conventional textile design, opening new possibilities for customization and innovation.
Creative Applications¶
- Personalized Text & Handwritten Details
There’s something deeply intimate about handwritten elements on fabric—whether it’s a name, a lyric, or a short message. With the plotter, I can digitize my handwriting or calligraphy and imprint it onto garments, creating one-of-a-kind pieces. Imagine a jacket lined with a hidden love note or a tote bag featuring a friend’s signature—small details that carry emotional weight.
- Precision Geometry & Repetitive Patterns
Manually drafting intricate geometric designs is time-consuming, but the plotter simplifies this process. It enables flawless execution of complex tessellations, sharp angles, or fluid, overlapping shapes—ideal for contemporary fashion, home textiles, or experimental wearables.
- Organic & Biomorphic Motifs
Nature has always been a rich source of inspiration—whether it’s the veins of a leaf, the ripple of water, or the asymmetry of coral. The plotter allows me to adapt these forms into scalable, repeatable prints, transforming raw inspiration into refined textile art.
Fabric Pen Plotter¶
Plotting Systems¶
I considered integrating a plotter to automate and modernize fabric design. Plotters offer exact pattern reproduction and can print directly onto fabric, making them valuable for digital textile design. My research showed their adaptability with different materials and potential for custom designs, which aligns with my interest in experimenting with surface manipulation techniques.
- Plotters - What are the plotters
How It Works¶
Tutorial¶
Design Input: Digital patterns are created using CAD software. Fabric Setup: The fabric is securely placed on the plotter bed with clamps or vacuum suction. Drawing Process: The plotter moves the pen to draw the design on the fabric according to the digital instructions.
Applications¶
Pattern Drafting: Marks cutting lines, seam allowances, and darts for garments. Custom Designs: Creates illustrations or decorative patterns on textiles. Prototyping: Helps test garment or textile designs before full-scale production. Quilting and Embroidery: Draws templates or guidelines for stitching.
Key Benefits¶
Offers precision and speed for fabric marking or drawing. Works with various textile types, providing both temporary (washable) and permanent markings for different design needs.
OVERVIEW¶
I've always been fascinated by how a machine can turn digital designs into real drawings with such precision. A plotter had been on my to-do list for a long time. It’s a machine that uses a pen to draw text and pictures on paper. Unlike regular printers that use dots, a plotter moves the pen in smooth, continuous lines. This gives it a handmade look and makes it perfect for drawing vector art, architectural plans, or creative patterns.
Turning a 3D Printer into a Drawing Plotter¶
After doing some research, I decided to turn a 3D printer into a drawing plotter. I was inspired by how precisely a 3D printer moves, which makes it perfect for drawing detailed and repeatable patterns. By removing the extruder and adding a pen holder, I used the printer’s existing XYZ axis to draw on flat surfaces. This setup allowed me to be creative while using tools I already had.
Video Guide¶
This video guides viewers through the installation of the Plotter V2 toolhead on a Creality Ender 3 3D printer. The video covers the removal of the original hot end, mounting the Plotter V2, and calibrating the toolhead for optimal pen plotting results. The video also demonstrates how to troubleshoot common calibration issues.
pltr v2 Pen Plotter Toolhead - Ender 3 Installation Guide
By: Andrew Sink
The pen holder I used was made for the Ender 3 V2 Neo, but it also works with most printers that have a CR Touch. The parts shown in the photos come from an early version that needed some changes, but the final files include all the improvements we made after testing.
Process & Skills¶
This week, I went into the concept of creating a fabric pen plotter, a machine designed to draw intricate patterns or designs on fabric with precision. Combining automation with creativity, the project highlights the potential for customized and efficient fabric design, supporting innovative and sustainable approaches to fashion technology.
Design of the adapter¶
The adapter design process in SolidWorks helped converting the 3D printer into a pen plotter. I led the development of the adapter’s initial section, prioritizing a secure fit and optimal functionality. Once this first part was finalized, I proceeded to design the subsequent component, expanding on the groundwork I had established.
Plotter Case:¶
It houses and protects the mechanical and electronic parts of the pen plotter. It also provides structural stability during operation.
Penholder:¶
This holds the pen securely and guides its vertical movement for precise contact with the paper during plotting.
Pencap:¶
The pencap prevents the pen from drying out when not in use. It also protects the pen tip from damage.
PROCESS SCREENSHOTS¶
PLOTTER CASE¶
PLOTTER CAP¶
PLOTTER HOLDER¶
3D Printing Configuration¶
Following the design finalization, I proceeded to 3D print the adapter component. Special attention was given to dimensional accuracy to ensure compatibility with our existing setup. The printing process focused on achieving proper layer adhesion and structural integrity to guarantee functional performance during assembly. Post-printing, we verified critical measurements against design specifications before proceeding with system integration.
Print Quality
✓ Layer Height: 0.2 mm
✓ Wall Thickness: 0.2 mm
✗ Wall Line Count: 0 (disabled)
Structure & Strength
✓ Infill Density: 100% (solid)
✗ Supports: None
✗ Build Plate Adhesion: None
Temperature Settings
✓ Printing Temperature: 0°C (Note: Typically PLA requires 190-220°C)
✓ Build Plate Temperature: 0°C (Note: Typically 50-60°C for PLA)
Advanced Motion
✓ Retraction: Enabled
✓ Z-Hop When Retracted: Enabled
✓ Z-Hop Height: 0.4 mm
✓ Z-axis Scale: 0.2 mm
In the following sections, I'll walk you through the exact steps to convert your own 3D printer into a drawing machine, covering both the mechanical adaptation and software configuration needed to bring this project to life.
Generating GCode¶
Tho I had ann arleady downloaded Stl file, At the start, I expected the hardware setup to be time-consuming. Surprisingly, it went smoothly and took much less time than anticipated. The real challenge, as is often true, was in the software. After spending several hours researching, I finally settled on a workflow that works consistently—although it does take some initial configuration.
Step 1: Pen Attachment System¶
To draw properly, you need to mount the pen securely on the printer head and make sure the pen tip sticks out slightly below the nozzle. This helps the pen make good contact with the paper while drawing. I used a small M3 screw to hold the pen in place so it stays stable throughout the process.
Step 2: System Calibration¶
Once the pen is mounted properly on your printer, the next step is calibration. Begin by fixing a sheet of paper firmly onto the printer bed, making sure it doesn’t move while the machine is drawing.
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After securing the pen, precise calibration is essential for accurate plotting. Follow these steps:
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Secure the Paper
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Use masking tape or clips to firmly attach your drawing paper to the print bed
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Ensure full adhesion to prevent shifting during operation
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Z-Offset Adjustment
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Lower the pen gradually until it makes consistent contact with the paper
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The tip should apply enough pressure for clear marks without bending or skipping
Selecting Artwork¶
Choosing the right image can be tricky because there are so many options. What you need is an image in vector format. If you're using Google Images, you can add type:svg to your search to find ready-to-use vector files. While it’s possible to convert JPEG or PNG images into SVGs, it’s much easier to start with an image that’s already a vector.
NEXT PROCEEDING WITH MACHINE OPERATION TRIALS¶
Initial Test Plot:¶
During the first test on paper, I encountered an issue where the nozzle was positioned too close to the surface. This caused the extruder to tear the paper during plotting.
Solution:¶
To resolve this, I manually adjusted the nozzle height at the beginning of the print job, ensuring proper clearance for smooth operation.
The results from my first drawing was not exactly what I hoped for. In the next steps, I focused more on getting the size right, adjusting the settings, and fine-tuning important details. Our goal is to improve accuracy and consistency in future attempts by carefully refining the print and plotter setup.
Testing & Results¶
In the end, I successfully wrote on the fabric. After testing the technique on paper, I decided to try it directly on the material. This step helped me observe how the fabric absorbed the ink and how its texture influenced the final look. It was an important part of the process, giving me insight into how to improve and adjust our method for better results.
