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2. Digital bodies

driver model

Assignment

Learning out comes

  • Research skills: the participant has acquired knowledge through references and Concept development
  • Design skills: the participants has acquired knowledge on 3D scanning and modelling, mesh repair or manipulation
  • Fabrication skills: the participant is capable of executing from file to production workflow, from slicer to laser cutting
  • Process skills: Anyone can go through the workflow, understand it and reproduce it
  • Final outcome: The assignment is assembled and either complete or tested
  • Originality: Has the design been thought through and elaborated

Student Checklist

  • Include some inspiration: research on artists or projects that work with the human body
  • Document the use of 3D scanner and software to acquire a 3D model
  • Document the process of repairing and/or manipulating a 3D mesh and slicing it
  • Document the process of file preparation for laser cutting
  • Learn how to laser cut, document the workflow including the machine settings, material type and thickness
  • Upload your 3D file (STL/OBJ) and your 2D files (DXF/PDF)
  • Build and/or assemble a mannequin or body parts
  • Create a stop motion or step-by-step assemblying process and upload one picture (HIGH RES) of your mannequin (extra credit)

Research & Inspiration

I was inspired by several artist in SIAF2024 (Sapporo International Art Festival 2024):(https://2024.siaf.jp/en/index.html).

Especially, I loved following three artists works as expressing motion by slicing point of view.

GOTO Akinori GOTO Akinori

MIYATA Sayaka MIYATA Sayaka

CHOE U-Ram CHOE U-Ram

GOTO Akinori's work "toki-WALK #01"

Getting inspiration especially from GOTO Akinori, I had an idea to make a sculpture expressing human motion.

My focus being as the development of "seat that follows the driver's motion", I decided to measure my body shape from hip to back at driving like posture. Inspiration; make a sculpture showing human spine function at driving

Measure both left cornering and right cornering body shape to create a sculpture showing the human spine function at cornering with a glace.

Following conditions are to be measured;

  1. initial seating condition
  2. left cornering condition
  3. right cornering condition

Kinetic Seat follows the driver's motion

3D model acquiring

In acquiring my body shape, I investigated two types of 3D scanning methods. One is "LiDAR Scanning" and the other is "photogrammetry".

Polycam LiDAR 3D Scanner(iOS)

polycam:(https://poly.cam/tools/3d-lidar-scanner)

LiDAR 3D model

LiDAR by i-Phone comparison LiDAR lights patters against the object and measure the shape of object by sensing the deformation from each lighting patterns. Lighting pattern is changes rapidly and measured by video function of smart phone to analyze the shape at the same time. Above picture shows the technology progress from i-Phone 12Pro on the left and current i-phone 15Pro on the right shooting much less lights.

driver by LiDAR Driving position 3D measurement by LiDAR

It was very quick to 3D scan and automatically erase the surrounding parts. However, some details are not clear.

photogrammetry 3D model

driver by photogrammetry

It took some time to take more than 40 pictures around the object. The measurement image seems very clear already at the first trial. I decided to go for photogrammetry due to its quality.

left cornering photogrammetry left cornering driving posture taken by photogrammetry

right cornering photogrammetry right cornering driving posture take by photogrammetry

installing Meshmixer instal Meshmixer

imported initial driving posture photogrametry Photogrametry file import into Meshmixer

mesh cleaning

mesh cleaning in Meshmixer

brush area selected by brush cleaning area selected by brush

area cleaned by brush cleaning done by brush

model imported into Blender Import model into Blender

model size calibration model size calibration by adding box with indicating the models actual length * width * height

mesh cleaning in Blender

model cleaning wireframe mode makes area selection easier

model erasing in Blender area erasing in Blender

cleaning dent cleaning dent

merge by distance Merge by Distance makes surface dramatically smooth

Edit mode vertex select vertex selection area can be changed by mouth roller

Edit mode different area

Compile model from triangle to square mesh

Since, Blender prefers square mesh surface, compile model data from triangle mesh to quad mesh.

save file as Wavefront obj Save model file into Wavefront obj.file

get instant meshes get "instant-meshes" into Blender

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alt text Re-mesh model as Quads surface

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alt text decimate mesh

alt text decimate mesh

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Slicing the Model

alt text Slice model in Blender

alt text alt text in order to prepare sliced data for laser cutting, open "inkscape"

alt text select file to import in "inkscape"

alt text set document properties

alt text size down the model for target cutting size in Blender

Too many similar shape without correct position indication by Blender, this slicing way must be difficult, time consuming, and will not be precise model

alt text Thanks to Kae's advice, I tried slicing in vertical direction. Each pieces became bigger and promising the actual body shape much better than lateral slicing. I decided to to proceed with this vertical slicing this time.

Page1

Page2

Page3

Page4

scuized Squeezed in totally 3 carton board by arranging the position of each piece

Laser cutting

preparation for Laser cut

laser cutting system the laser cutting system in Skylab Workshop

prepare for fire preparation for fire; fire blanket and fire extinguisher

fire blanket if fire occurs, cover with the fire blanket to block oxygen

fire extinguisher check the fire extinguisher condition

fire extinguisher pin check fire extinguisher inner pressure in green position, and pulling pin structure

pull off the pin pulling the pin off

aim the fire aim toward the fire and hold the grip

laser cutter water cooler check laser cutter water cooling system

water cooling condition check water cooling condition

water cooling system laser cutter water cooling system

check the if the system is working check by toughing the system and feel the vibration of the pump if water cooling system is working

exhaust switch on the exhaust fan buy tapping the red switch (not pushing but tapping)

emergency cut switch confirm the emergency system cut off switch

prepare carton board prepare carton board size 310mm * 500mm

export to Laser cutting export data to laser cutter

capture workspace "capture workspace" to capture the internal condition of laser cutting bed

pdf import pdf data import to laser cutter by "vector" selection

page selection select cutting page from the data file

cutting area adjustment cutting area adjustment by watching the captured condition of laser cutter

lock ratio be sure to lock the ratio of width and height

keep ratio confirm keep ratio button is on

setting laser cutting condition set laser cutting condition

test cut test cut with the material

test cut test cut with the material

Laser cutting the model

burned letters found some letters were burned

burned letter+alfa this burning should be solved by laser cut setting change

alt text set number drawing as different color in data document, and set laser cutting speed quicker and only one time cut

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red->cut blue->write for lasercutting This is the final successful setting for this time laser cutting

video size compression before uploading

10MB file at a time is allowed to push GitLab, and 100MB file size is allowed for one student's whole work

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Model Assembly

This is my assembly process: Video>>

total video size is 9.2MB which is still too big -> I should make smaller video from next time

MakeHuman operation in Blender

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Polycam to Blender Tutorial

  • exporting data from Polycam to Blender

Try later

model slicing by Fusion

Fusion 360 & slicer(trial package); a free Fusion360 plan for personal use. The function is limited a little, but enough for trial

https://www.autodesk.com/in/products/fusion-360/personal

Lectures

Tips from Anastasia's lecture

Anastasia_lecture Anastasia_lecture Anastasia_lecture Anastasia_lecture Anastasia_lecture Anastasia_lecture

Tips from Laura Civetti's lecture

I will add

Laura's work

AI design tools

3D modeling by Rhino/Grasshopper

  • Grasshopper installed in Rhino for parametric design
  • utilize parametric design function especially at most important body parts;neck, shoulder, and initial chest
  • detail mesh making above mentioned parts
  • "mesh plus" to set the shortest pass towards the direction
  • everything always related to the mesh and vector
  • human body belongs to Rhino, covering mesh belongs to Grasshopper
  • Blender, Houdini are also good free software

Digital Body lecture by Mina in Skylab workshop

  • What is "body" for you? function? protection? mind & soul?
  • i-Phone can be a 3D scanner
  • Blender is a mesh boundary based CAD
  • Always ventilate the Laser Cutter for two reasons
    • without ventilation case health problem
    • not to damage the lens due to the smoke reflection
  • Do test cuts before actual cutting, and check the color of the cutting section edge as yellow or not. If other color like blue or green. The material must be causing something unusual.
  • You must stay always next to the laser cutter while laser cutting to be able to stop if fire occurs.

Research & Ideation

Facing the theme "Digital Bodies" as one of my biggest motivation to learn Fabricademy, I watched following video which was suggested by Rico.

Tissue a tool for Computational Design in Blender - Alessandro Zomparelli

Learning about Blender's strong points; - very strong at making Mesh modeling - Vertex Group - Tissue - Dual Mesh - Bunch of Modifier - Tessellate

Alessandro_Youtube Alessandro_Youtube Alessandro_Youtube

other attractive functional example of Blender

Alessandro_Youtube Alessandro_Youtube Alessandro_Youtube Alessandro_Youtube Alessandro_Youtube Alessandro_Youtube Alessandro_Youtube Alessandro_Youtube Alessandro_Youtube Alessandro_Youtube Alessandro_Youtube Alessandro_Youtube Alessandro_Youtube Alessandro_Youtube Alessandro_Youtube Alessandro_Youtube Alessandro_Youtube Alessandro_Youtube Alessandro_Youtube Alessandro_Youtube Alessandro_Youtube Alessandro_Youtube

describe what you see in this image

"Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum."

weekly assignment

Check out the weekly assignment here or login to your NuEval progress and evaluation page.

about your images..delete the tip!!

  1. Remember to credit/reference all your images to their authors. Open source helps us create change faster together, but we all deserve recognition for what we make, design, think, develop.

  2. remember to resize and optimize all your images. You will run out of space and the more data, the more servers, the more cooling systems and energy wasted :) make a choice at every image :)

This image is optimised in size with resolution 72 and passed through tinypng for final optimisation. Remove tips when you don't need them anymore!

get inspired!

Check out and research alumni pages to betetr understand how to document and get inspired

Add your fav alumni's pages as references

References & Inspiration

"Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum."

  • Two images side-by-side

describe what you see in this image describe what you see in this image


  • Image reference

centered image with credits/reference
  • Download reference

Links to reference files, PDF, booklets,

about your images..

  1. Remember to credit/reference all your images to their authors. Open source helps us create change faster together, but we all deserve recognition for what we make, design, think, develop.

  2. remember to resize and optimize all your images. You will run out of space and the more data, the more servers, the more cooling systems and energy wasted :) make a choice at every image :) This image is optimised in size with resolution 72 and passed through tinypng for final optimisation.

Tools

Process and workflow

My hand drawn sketches are ... Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.

describe what you see in this image

Step

This model 1 was obtained by..

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum."

Step

The laser cut nesting 2 was created using..

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.

Step

...

My hand drawn sketches are ...

This model 1 was obtained by..

The laser cut nesting 2 was created using..

footnote fabrication files

Fabrication files are a necessary element for evaluation. You can add the fabrication files at the bottom of the page and simply link them as a footnote. This was your work stays organised and files will be all together at the bottom of the page. Footnotes are created using [ ^ 1 ] (without spaces, and referenced as you see at the last chapter of this page) You can reference the fabrication files to multiple places on your page as you see for footnote nr. 2 also present in the Gallery.

3D Models

upload the 3d models of MakeHuman, Final 3d modelled body, 3D Scans, etc

Dita's Gown by Francis Bitonti Studio on Sketchfab

Videos

learn how to add video tutorials, inspirational videos and movies etc

From Vimeo

Sound Waves from George Gally (Radarboy) on Vimeo.

From Youtube

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Fabrication files

  1. File: 3d modelling of mannequin ↩↩

  2. File: Laser cut sheets ↩↩