12. Skin Electronics¶

Research¶

"Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum."

weekly assignment

Check out the weekly assignment here or login to your NuEval progress and evaluation page.

about your images..delete the tip!!

Remember to credit/reference all your images to their authors. Open source helps us create change faster together, but we all deserve recognition for what we make, design, think, develop.
remember to resize and optimize all your images. You will run out of space and the more data, the more servers, the more cooling systems and energy wasted :) make a choice at every image :)

This image is optimised in size with resolution 72 and passed through tinypng for final optimisation. Remove tips when you don't need them anymore!

get inspired!

Check out and research alumni pages to betetr understand how to document and get inspired

Skin Circuit - Grecia Bello - Fab Lab BCN
Interactive glove - Asli Aksan - Textile Lab Amsterdam
Face Mask - Riley Cox - Textile Lab Amsterdam
Skin electronics research - Julija Karas - Fab Lab BCN

References & Inspiration¶

"Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum."

Two images side-by-side

Tools¶

NFC¶

We tested the Near-field communication (NFC), which is is a set of communication protocols that enables communication between two electronic devices over a distance of 4 cm (1+1⁄2 in) or less. In the side video you can see me uploading the url on the NFC through the NFC Tools app.

Open your application: Read > Scan your NFC
Menu > Write > Add a record > URL / URI (Add a URL record) > paste your URL > OK
Write > Write / 24 Bytes

Now you can use you NFC!

Sensitive Matrix¶

We already prepared our Sensitive *Matrix for the afternoon workshop.

A matrix is a grid whose intersection nodes are sensors. In our application, pressure sensors. It allows you to use fewer pinouts but still have many pressure points.

Resistor → an electric component that can impede the amount of current. The analog sensor can act as a valuable resistor

Resistors	what is it	Unit of measure	Testing	Voltage devider
----------------	an electric component that can impede the amount of current	Ohm	multimeter in resistance-measurement mode two resistors in a series
can act as a valuable resistor	----------------	----------------	Vout = [ R2/ (R1 + R2)] x Vin

Pull-up resistor → present in the pin of the microcontroller. To use it, you need to specify it in the code.

You can use a pin as an output, but you need to specify it in the code

Arduino IDE¶

int row0 = A0;  //first row pin
int row1 = A1;  //second row pin
int row2 = A2;  //third row pin

int col0 = 9;    //first column pin
int col1 = 8;    //second column pin
int col2 = 7;    //third column pin


int incomingValue0 = 0; //variable to save the sensor reading
int incomingValue1 = 0; //variable to save the sensor reading
int incomingValue2 = 0; //variable to save the sensor reading

int incomingValue3 = 0; //variable to save the sensor reading
int incomingValue4 = 0; //variable to save the sensor reading
int incomingValue5 = 0; //variable to save the sensor reading

int incomingValue6 = 0; //variable to save the sensor reading
int incomingValue7 = 0; //variable to save the sensor reading
int incomingValue8 = 0; //variable to save the sensor reading

void setup() {

  // set all rows to INPUT (high impedance):
    pinMode(row0, INPUT_PULLUP);
    pinMode(row1, INPUT_PULLUP);
    pinMode(row2, INPUT_PULLUP);

 //set the firt column as output
  pinMode(col0, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(col1, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(col2, OUTPUT);


  //open serial communication
  Serial.begin(9600);

}

void loop() {

  // FIRST BLOCK OF READINGS----------------------------
  //set the col0 to low (GND)
  digitalWrite(col0, LOW);
  digitalWrite(col1, HIGH);
  digitalWrite(col2, HIGH);

  //read the three rows pins
    incomingValue0 = analogRead(row0);
    incomingValue1 = analogRead(row1);
    incomingValue2 = analogRead(row2);
  // --------------------------------------------------

  //set the col1 to low (GND)
  digitalWrite(col0, HIGH);
  digitalWrite(col1, LOW);
  digitalWrite(col2, HIGH);

    incomingValue3 = analogRead(row0);
    incomingValue4 = analogRead(row1);
    incomingValue5 = analogRead(row2);

  //set the col2 to low (GND)
  digitalWrite(col0, HIGH);
  digitalWrite(col1, HIGH);
  digitalWrite(col2, LOW);

    incomingValue6 = analogRead(row0);
    incomingValue7 = analogRead(row1);
    incomingValue8 = analogRead(row2);

  // Print the incoming values of the grid:

    Serial.print(incomingValue0);
    Serial.print("\t");
    Serial.print(incomingValue1);
    Serial.print("\t");
    Serial.print(incomingValue2);
    Serial.print("\t");
    Serial.print(incomingValue3);
    Serial.print("\t");
    Serial.print(incomingValue4);
    Serial.print("\t");
    Serial.print(incomingValue5);
    Serial.print("\t");
    Serial.print(incomingValue6);
    Serial.print("\t");
    Serial.print(incomingValue7);
    Serial.print("\t");
    Serial.println(incomingValue8);

delay(10); //wait millisecond
}

Processing¶

Processing is a free graphics library and integrated development environment (IDE) built for the electronic arts, new media art, and visual design communities with the purpose of teaching non-programmers the fundamentals of computer programming in a visual context. (reference). Processign interface is similar to Arduino IDE.

/*
The sensors values are not calibrated.

*/

/*
Code based on Tom Igoe’s Serial Graphing Sketch
>> http://wiki.processing.org/w/Tom_Igoe_Interview
Reads X analog inputs and visualizes them by drawing a grid
using grayscale shading of each square to represent sensor value.
>> http://howtogetwhatyouwant.at/
*/

import processing.serial.*;

Serial myPort; // The serial port
int rows = 3;
int cols = 3;
int maxNumberOfSensors = rows*cols;
float[] sensorValue = new float[maxNumberOfSensors]; // global variable for storing mapped sensor values
float[] previousValue = new float[maxNumberOfSensors]; // array of previous values
int rectSizeX = 0;
int rectSizeY = 0;
int rectY;


void setup () {
  size(1000, 1000); // set up the window to whatever size you want
  rectSizeX = width/rows;
  rectSizeY = height/cols;


  println(Serial.list()); // List all the available serial ports
  String portName = Serial.list()[7]; // set the number of your serial port!
  myPort = new Serial(this, portName, 9600);
  myPort.clear();
  myPort.bufferUntil('\n'); // don’t generate a serialEvent() until you get a newline (\n) byte
  background(255); // set inital background
  smooth(); // turn on antialiasing
  rectMode(CORNER);
}

void draw () {
  for (int i = 0; i < maxNumberOfSensors; i++) {
    fill(sensorValue[i]);
    rect(rectSizeX * (i%rows), rectY, rectSizeX, rectSizeY); //top left
    if((i+1) % rows == 0) {
      rectY += rectSizeX;
    }
  }
  rectY=0;
}


void serialEvent (Serial myPort) {
  String inString = myPort.readStringUntil('\n'); // get the ASCII string
  if (inString != null) { // if it’s not empty
    inString = trim(inString); // trim off any whitespace
    int incomingValues[] = int(split(inString, "\t")); // convert to an array of ints

    if (incomingValues.length <= maxNumberOfSensors && incomingValues.length > 0) {
      for (int i = 0; i < incomingValues.length; i++) {
        // map the incoming values (0 to 1023) to an appropriate gray-scale range (0-255):
        sensorValue[i] = map(incomingValues[i], 000, 900, 0, 255); // stretch 5×5
        sensorValue[i] = constrain(incomingValues[i], 0, 255);
        //println(sensorValue[i]); // print value to see
        //println(incomingValues[i]);
      }
    }
  }
}

If you start the sketch in Processing and your serial monitor and plotter are running, it won’t work!

My sketches are ...

This schematic ¹ was obtained by..

This tutorial ² was created using..

footnote fabrication files

Fabrication files are a necessary element for evaluation. You can add the fabrication files at the bottom of the page and simply link them as a footnote. This was your work stays organised and files will be all together at the bottom of the page. Footnotes are created using [ ^ 1 ] (without spaces, and referenced as you see at the last chapter of this page) You can reference the fabrication files to multiple places on your page as you see for footnote nr. 2 also present in the Gallery.

Code Example¶

Use the three backticks to separate code.

// the setup function runs once when you press reset or power the board
void setup() {
  // initialize digital pin LED_BUILTIN as an output.
  pinMode(LED_BUILTIN, OUTPUT);
}

// the loop function runs over and over again forever
void loop() {
  digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, HIGH);   // turn the LED on (HIGH is the voltage level)
  delay(1000);                       // wait for a second
  digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, LOW);    // turn the LED off by making the voltage LOW
  delay(1000);                       // wait for a second
}

Results¶

Fabrication files¶

File: xxx ↩
File: xxx ↩