This week was focussed on open source machines in textiles industry and study the effect of digital fabrication used to upgrade the machines to get better production of textiles.
Study and understand the fabrication methods and machines currently used in textile industry. Then purpose fabrication method or machine to give advancement in digital fabrication techniques.
A textile is a flexible material consisting of a network of natural or artificial fibers (yarn or thread). Yarn is produced by spinning raw fibres of wool, flax, cotton, hemp, or other materials to produce long strands.Textiles are formed by weaving, knitting, crocheting, knotting or tatting, felting, or braiding.
Weaving is the interlacing of warp and filling yarns perpendicular to each other. There are practically an endless number of ways of interlacing warp and filling yarns. Each different way results a different fabric structure. Approximately 70% of the fabrics made in the world are woven fabrics. Figure below shows the diagram of woven fabrics.
Knitting refers to interloping of one yarn system into vertical columns and horizontal rows of loops called wales and courses, respectively. There are two main types of knitting: weft knitting and warp knitting.
Braiding is probably the simplest way of fabric formation. A braided fabric is formed by diagonal interlacing of yarns. Although there are two sets of yarns involved in the process, these are not termed as warps and fillings as in the case of woven fabrics. Each set of yarns moves in an opposite direction. Braiding does not require shedding, filling insertion, and beat up. Figure below shows the diagram of braded.
fabrics.
Bonding is the method of manufacturing nonwovens using textile, paper, extrusion, or combination of these technologies, to form and bond polymers, fibres, filaments, yarns or combination sheets into a flexible, porous structure. In fact, some nonwoven products are subjected to both textile and paper industry. Figure below shows the bonding of non-woven fabric.
of nonoven fabric.
Basic Knitted Cloth Pattern
Basic Knitting Stitches
I reviewed a very interesting chapter of Textiles and Clothing book called Fabric Construction. Very interesting fact about fabric production using weaving or knitting is very interesting especially that different patterns can be generated by simply changing the direction or the angle of weaving or knitting.
I go through the book named as - Principles of Fabric Formation which was written by Parabeer Kumar Banerjee. He discussed each system and processes in deatiled with clarity from basic to advanced. As early techniques was simple but with the growing technology, the advancements in fabrication is also shifted from 2D to 3D (Refer to Link-1 and Link-2 )
I worked in a goup of Rabab and Tasneem. Before proceeding further i visited Fabfiber and its designs for better understanding because it has detailed information of each steps. I used rhinoceros for design and preparing the extension for the laser cutter
Rhinoceros Image
To make the protype for the first time of the loom, I used cardboard due to its low cost and easy to cut. After Selesting the material then i uploaded the laser file by using laser cutting software to laser machine to cut each parts of the prototype machine. For cutting cardboard laser power remains at 100% and speed at 40%.
