Skip to content

8. Soft robotics

Learning outcomes

  • Research skills: the participant has acquired knowledge through references and Concept development
  • Design skills: the participant has learnt through sketches, 2D and 3D modeling, simulations and (paper) prototypes
  • Fabrication skills: the participant is able of executing from file to production workflow, molding and casting, vinylcutting, laser cutting
  • Documentation: Anyone can go through the process, understand it and reproduce it
  • Final outcome: Is the project assembled, functioning and complete
  • Originality: Has the design been thought through and elaborated?

Student checklist

  • Document the concept, sketches, references (also to artistic and scientific articles)
  • Make a soft robotic sample, develop the pattern for the Inflatable and draw a sketch of the air flow:

    • build a pneumatic wrist brace (basic level) or
    • build a Soft Gripper (intermediate level) or
    • build and document a Pneumatic, digitally controlled system, electronics schematic, electronic control and code (advanced level)
    • design your own version of an inflatable / soft robot
    • Experiment with different materials, such as silicone, 3d printing, parchment paper, thermoadesive vynil, TPU fabrics, bioplastic, document your achievements and unexpected outcomes
  • Make a small video of your inflatable/soft robot working

  • Upload your digital design files (if any)
  • Build the electronic circuit to control your inflatable/soft robot (extra credit)

Research

I was very much inspired by following projects mostly done in MIT-Media Lab Tangible Media Group.
FibeRobo:Jack Forman, et al in MIT Media Lab / MIT-CBA

OmniFiber:Ozgun Kilic, et al in MIT Media Lab

aSpire:Kyung Yun Choi, et al in MIT Media Lab

Auto-Inflatables:Penny Webb, et al in MIT-Media Lab

aeroMorph:Jifei Ou, et al in MIT-Media Lab

References & Inspiration

Process and workflow

Inflatable vinyl sheet

Considering Soft Robotics for seat shoulder area additional support, I started my work by following one of above page's work.

Tools

  • Thermo transfer vinyl sheets
  • Kitchen paper
  • Pump + Batteries
  • Tube
  • Iron (to heat the vinyl sheets)
  • Scissors

pump and battery

inflatable vinyl process

Step
1. Design and print out patterns 2. Put Kitchen paper on the printed pattern paper and trace the pattern on kitchen paper.
3. Cut the traced pattern with scissors.
4. Place thermo transfer vinyl sheets by sandwiching the pattern traced kitchen paper.
5. Heat by pressing the sandwiched set with iron.(around 120C-deg).

Holding Shape Pattern

triangle square01 square02 square03


Estimated air flow
air_flow

cut by scissors
cut_by_scissors

pattern cut cut paper
placing papers

place line of paper for air intake
air_intake

ironing by placing aluminum foil on the top
ironing

inflate air by pump
triangle inflater square01 inflater square02 inflater square03 inflater
Inflator bends steeper with wider middle part of trench width case.

Inflatable Silicon

Wendy mold Pattern

Tools

  • Silicon: Ecoflex 00-30
  • 3D Printer: Bambu Lab P1S
  • cups, vinyl gloves, stir stick, scale
  • Pump + Batteries
  • Tube
  • tooth pick
  • air bulb

Step

*1. Wendy mold model 3D printing with Bambu Studio
3D printing wendy mold

*2. Prepare the mold and flat plate with sticks (as a frame to keep silicone on the plate).
Wendy mold

*3. Pour equal amounts of Ecoflex liquid A and liquid B into each cup.
Ecoflex
Ecoflex poured

*4. Mix them together and slowly stir with a stick for approximately 3 minutes.

*5. Pour the silicone(mixed liquid) very slowly into the mold and flat plate so that there is no bubbles left. If necessary, tap the molds until bubbles disappear.
pour silicone into mold

*6. Leave them for 4 hours. It hardens quicker in warm condition.
flat plates
wendy mold

*7. Remove the silicone from mold.

*8. Mix Ecoflex A and B to seal the molded silicone. Put the mixed liquid on the silicone surface from flat plate and place the silicone from the mold on to it.
alt text

*9. Leave it for 4 hours.

*10. Spear the side wall with tooth pick at the center of middle channel to make the air intake.

*11. Insert the air bulb into the hole of molded silicone and connect with tube to the air motor.

Starfish like Shape Pattern

Followed same 1.--6. steps as above.

*7. Remove the silicone from mold.

Followed same 8.--10. steps as above.

*11. Insert the air bulb into the hole of molded silicone and connect with tube to the air motor.

18 bumps channel Pattern

*1. 18 bumps channel patterned design down loaded (Introduced by Kae)

18 bumps channel pattern

*2. Laser cut acrylic for "18 bumps channel pattern".
laser cut 18 bumps channel

*3. Fixing 18 bumps channel position with acrylic bond.
Acrylic bond is actually melting acrylic. Therefore, use syringe to place the liquid spread into the gap between plates you want to stick.

acrylic bonding
position fixed

*4. Followed same 3.--6. steps as above.

18 bumps silicone
18 bumps and lids slicone

*7. Remove the silicone from mold.

*8. Mix Ecoflex A and B to seal the molded silicone. Put the mixed liquid on the silicone surface from flat plate and place the silicone from the mold on to it.

Then, regretted that the silicone placed on the backside of flat lid started pouring into the bumps trenches!
I had to get lid of all silicone happened to pour into the trenches with kitchen paper. Then, used brushes to paint just on the edges of trenches to stick the lid.

*9. Leave it for 4 hours.

*10. Spear the side wall with tooth pick at the center of middle channel to make the air intake.

*11. Insert the air bulb into the hole of molded silicone and connect with tube to the air motor.


For vehicle cabin application

I added an application idea into my NDA folder.