E-textiles¶

1. Lecture¶

What are electronic textiles?¶

They are fabrics that have electronic components, circuits, and conductive materials built directly into them.

What is a circuit?¶

An electrical circuit is like a closed path through which electricity travels to transport and transform energy.

It consists of a power source, which provides the energy; a path, the route through which the electricity flows; and a load or output, which is the physical result of the circuit connection.

3 basics

Voltage: The force with which electricity flows (measured in volts (V)).

Current: The amount of electricity passing through a point in the circuit (measured in amps (A)).

Resistance: Determines how much electricity flows through the circuit.

What is a switch?¶

A switch is a control device that opens or closes an electrical circuit to either allow or stop the flow of electricity (providing a simple ON or OFF response).

Types of switches in textiles¶

Switches

Momentary

Fabric Button

Toggle

Zipper Slider

Danish Crown Slide Switch

Tilt

Tilt Sensor

Pompom Tilt Sensor

Stroke

Stroke Sensor

Knit Stroke Sensors

Neoprene Stroke Bracelet

Zebra Fabric Stroke Sensor

What is a sensor?¶

a sensor is a flexible fabric component that detects physical changes, like stretching, pressure, body heat, or moisture and converts them into electrical signals.

Types of sensors¶

Pressure

Simple Fabric Pressure Sensors

Neoprene Pressure Sensor

Neoprene Pressure Sensor Matrix

Bend

Neoprene Bend Sensor

Bonded Bend Sensor

Sheath Bend Sensor

Potentiometer

Fabric Potentiometer

Crochet Tilt Potentiometer

Embroidered Potentiometer

Tilt Potentiometer

Stretch

Knit Stretch Sensors

Fabric Stretch Sensors

Circular Knit Stretch Sensors

2. References, research & inspiration¶

Levi´s Mark Donnison Maleza tornasol Audrey Briot

2.1 Quick how-tos¶

Please check out Liza Stark Presentation:

computational io cicuits lLiza stark

Frecuent questions: https://kitronik.co.uk/blogs/resources/e-textiles-the-frequently-asked-questions¶

3. Tools¶

• Arduino Nano
  • Arduino IDE
  • Velostat
  • Copper Tape

4. Process and workflow¶

4.1 How to make a digital sensor¶

4.2 Installing ARDUINO IDE¶

• Download Arduino IDE 2.3.7

• Add a new XIAO RP 2040 microcontroller: FILE > Preferences > Paste link

• In the Board Manager, search for Raspberry Pi Pico/ RP 2040/ RP 2350

• In the Library Manager, search for Adafruit Neo Pixel 1.15.3

Many ways to turn out a light¶

Code 1. BLINK TEST¶

void setup() {
 pinMode(D0, OUTPUT);
}

void loop() {
 digitalWrite(D0, HIGH);
 delay(1000);
 digitalWrite(D0, LOW);
 delay(1000);
}

With this connection, it can be programmed to turn on and off at different time intervals, in time with a song, among other options.

01

Examine the diagram above to determine where to connect the jumpers. Attach a female connector to D0, and connect that to the positive (+) terminal of the LED.

02

Connect another female jumper from the GND (ground) output to the negative terminal of the LED.

03

Conectar el cable de datos de la computadora al microprocesador.

04

Enter the code, compile it, and look for the XIAO connector (microprocessor) labeled “Unknown COM 6” or similar.

4.2 How to make an analog sensor¶

Code. FORCE SENSOR¶¶

int sensor_fuerza= D0;
int led=D9;
int lectura;
int brillo;
void setup()
{ 

  pinMode(led, OUTPUT);
  Serial.begin(9600);
}

void loop()
{
lectura = analogRead(sensor_fuerza); // Resistance equals sensor reading (Analog 0)
Serial.print("Lectura Analogica = ");
Serial.println(lectura); 
// Change the analog reading range (500-1023)
// We use in analogWrite 8 bits (0-255) configured in the map
brillo = map(lectura, 15, 80, 0, 80);
analogWrite(led, brillo); 
delay(100); //One hundred “ms” wait on each reading
}

XIAO RP2040¶

Here is the informatión of my microcontroller [XIAO RP2040][(https://wiki.seeedstudio.com/XIAO-RP2040/)

5. Results¶

wanted to try to light up my jacket using a circuit made with conductive thead and a 3V battery with its battery holder, so I could easily connect the positive and negative terminals, using the jacket's patches and buttons as contacts.

AMULETOS DE RESISTENCIA¶

[Lágrimas Neón] (https://www.instagram.com/lagrimas_neon__/)

AWith a circuit board made by Lágrimas Neón, handcrafted from recycled materials. The phenolic boards (copper sheets) are printed with the circuit design, and then, using the heat from an iron, this design is transferred to the surface. Afterward, when the board is immersed in acid, only the design printed on the copper remains. Using a soldering iron and tin solder, we connect various key components on the board, such as resistors—which generate lower or higher-pitched sounds—capacitors, and the wires needed to.

complete the circuit.

6. Weekly reflection & critical thinking¶

I wanted to do something bigger on a piece of clothing, but I ran out of time and hit a creative block. I was torn between doing small tests and incorporating those tests into a jacket, but either way, I’m happy with the result. And I’m eager to keep experimenting with different metallic materials that generate electricity.

7. Fabrication files & References¶